Axeon the company to develop new lithium-ion cell stack
The International Energy Reuters: Europe's largest lithium-ion battery system supplier Axeon Company February 3, 2010 laptop battery announced that the UK will be electric vehicles manufactured by Citroën C1 ev'ie electric vehicles to develop new high-capacity lithium-ion cell stack. After a successful test in a year, the supply of 300 ~ 500 to pay.

Axeon the company will make the energy density of 230 Wh / kg battery with advanced and innovative mechanical design together to make a small, lightweight lithium-ion battery cell stack can not only improve efficiency, but also can improve the performance and extend the mileage. Lithium-ion batteries will be the key to heap Axeon's proprietary battery management system (BMS).

CitroënC1ev'ie electric vehicle mileage over 60 miles, speed of 60 mph.

Axeon's original electric vehicle batteries in a charge to drive 140 miles, storage can range from 5 kWh ~ 180 kWh.

Rail fittings leading into the electric vehicle industry, today released record time Compaq Laptop Battery :2010-2-6 9:18:25 Source: NetEase NetEase Finance Finance February 5 hearing has been ranked the leading position of domestic rail accessories created this group, being stretched tentacles to the new energy sector. NetEase Finance today from Changzhou this record group was informed that 150 million yuan investment in lithium batteries and cathode materials for the project will be officially put into operation in April, when it will produce 5,000 tons of lithium battery materials, its follow-up lithium battery works projects put into production, annual production capacity 30 million lithium batteries, the main motive power batteries for electric vehicles.

"This is the state has vigorously advocated by the new energy materials, and has broad prospects for the development of all projects put into production, Armada M700 annual sales revenue can be more than 800 million yuan. The company's future hybrid electric vehicle research and development will also be supporting the battery." Founding chairman today Yujin Kun said.

Founded in 1988, this founding group, long-term and Bombardier, Siemens, Alstom, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, etc. to cooperate to produce all kinds of electric control cabinets, subway platform, Screen Doors, high-speed train seat, railway signal systems, intelligent instrumentation, etc. Ten series of more than 1,000 kinds of products in 2006 also won the London 2012 Olympic Games in metro project orders for 600 million yuan.

In China, the company and the car's four-party EVO N400c South Locomotive and Rolling Stock Plant, north of Changchun's passenger vehicle plant is bidding consortium, has been designated as the Ministry of Railways EMU units, by virtue of this advantage accessories occupy 45% of the domestic rail and urban Rail accessories 70% market share.

"Group sales double last year, exceed 30 billion yuan and profits 350 million yuan. 2010 sales target is 43 million yuan, the profit goal is 440 million yuan. To achieve this goal, in addition to strengthen cooperation with Bombardier, Siemens, Alstom, Kawasaki Heavy Industries of cooperation and further explore international market, the new energy sector is another growth point. in January this year the situation has been achieved sales income of 280 million yuan, an increase of 42%, more optimistic about the future development. "today Chuang syndicate official said. EVO N410c

Jiangsu power days produced "lithium iron phosphate power battery electric bicycle" has been put into production

February 5, according to the "Shanghai Securities News" press reports,40Y6793 in order to effectively resolve the textile industry, operating risks, in June 2009, Huafang Textile, Jiangsu power days started to invest in new energy technology companies, resulting into new energy industries. According to the company revealed that at present bicycle power batteries in mass production now, the next step the company will develop the project put into production vehicle power battery products.

Since October 2009, Jiangsu power days of trial production of the product "lithium iron phosphate power battery electric bicycle (which belongs to low-power power battery)" 1, initially completed production line equipment, installation, commissioning, full access to product trial, trial production stage, a few days ago , the company announcement said the project progress, Huafang Textile Holding 70% of the Jiangsu power days of trial production of the product has passed laboratory testing, Jiangsu power days, the indicators of qualified and exceeding the national standard, at present, the product has been sent to the national quality inspection bodies Testing and Certification. According to reports, the product has been in volume production. The industry believes that the Jiangsu power days as a dedicated lithium iron phosphate power battery research and development, production and marketing enterprises in a few months to complete the process of research and development to production, laptop battery in the industry are rare.

LG Chemical and Chongqing Changan Automobile signed a preliminary vehicle lithium battery supply agreement

LG Chemical Company, said South Korea's LG Chemical Company said it has signed a preliminary agreement, hoping the second half of Chongqing Changan hybrid cars lithium-ion batteries.

NEW YORK, February 5 reported sold in South Korea's largest chemical company LG Chemical (LG Chem Ltd.) 5 said today that it has, and China, Chongqing Changan Automobile Company signed a preliminary agreement, cooperation on electric vehicle battery business.

LG Chemical hoped that in the second half of Chongqing FRU 92P1125 Changan Automobile's hybrid lithium battery supply.

The company's statement did not provide other details, including LG Chemical potential financial benefits.

The Korean company has been providing lithium batteries to General Motors Corporation (General Motors Corp.), As well as South Korea's Hyundai Motor Company (Hyundai Motor Co.) And Kia Motors Corporation (KIA Motors Corp.).

The company plans to steadily invest in electric car battery business, research and development, Europe and Japan expected to grow from U.S. orders. FRU 92P1121

Battery use Mistakes
1.1 Battery charge capacity and the engine does not match the

According to the engine type and conditions of use and reasonable selection of battery charge capacity, is to improve the battery's economy, laptop battery extending its life is one important way. Starting the engine starter, the battery output current is large, under normal circumstances for the 150A-200A, at low temperature (-10 ℃) start when the output current up to 250A-300A. If the battery charge capacity and the engine does not match the battery charge capacity is too small, then start the resistance is large, the small charge-discharge capacity of the battery in dramatic circumstances, is bound to speed up the active material per unit time and the reaction of sulfuric acid, so that battery temperature rise high, while the curved plate due to overload, resulting in a large number of active substances fall off, the early damage plate, so that battery life shortened. If the battery charge capacity is too large, although the above-mentioned problem does not occur, but can not make full use of its active substances, so that economic decline in battery. So battery charge capacity, must be matched to the engines. 02K7039 Battery charge capacity is usually the choice should be based starter power, voltage and electric equipment load determined.

1.2 Battery parallel mixed

Some drivers at the start when the engine due to lack of electricity keeping the original battery on the parallel on a fully charged battery shared use. In fact, after fully charged batteries in parallel will be much less than the charge current to save battery power charging, highly active substances causing plate shedding, affecting their life. Battery in parallel at the same time and can not provide a great starting current to the starter, but is not conducive to starting the engine. The correct approach should be to save enough battery power removed, replaced with fully charged battery, and then start the engine.

1.3 Battery Tandem Mixed

Use in the battery, sometimes the emergence of new and old batteries used in tandem phenomenon, does not know that, this approach will shorten the battery life. Because the new battery of chemical reactive substances are more high voltage, resistance of the smaller (12V new battery internal resistance is only 0.015-0.018Ω); ThinkPad X60 and the old battery terminal voltage is low, a larger resistance (12V old batteries resistance in the 0.085Ω above). If the old and new batteries mixed in series, then the charge state, at both ends of the old battery charge voltage will be higher than at both ends of the new battery charge voltage, resulting in a new battery charger has not yet sufficient and the old battery charger already too high; in the discharge state , since the new battery's charge capacity than the old battery charge capacity, resulting in excessive discharge the old battery, or even cause the old battery inverse pole. Therefore, the battery must not be old and new mix.

In addition, different battery charge capacity can not be mixed in series because the two kinds of charge capacity of different batteries used in tandem, often small capacity of the battery will charge excessive charge or discharge, shortening their useful life.

1.4 diesel vehicle batteries continue to use single-cell damage

Diesel engine compression due to relatively large, the required starting torque is also large, so under normal diesel engines are used 24V voltage is starting to improve FRU 92P1167 the ratio of starter power, but the generators and the entire vehicle electrical equipment still use 12V voltage, so diesel vehicles circuit is equipped with a voltage conversion switch, starter switch when the two 12V batteries in series will work to 24V voltage power supply, in the non-start state, the change-over switch in turn restore the two batteries in parallel so as to meet the needs of 12V voltage . However, when a battery in which a single cell is damaged, some drivers continue to use after their formal short circuit, such as two battery terminal voltage range, will result in a larger discharge current and charging current, resulting in damage to batteries and generators Therefore, single-cell battery diesel vehicles damaged should be ThinkPad Z60t immediately replaced or repaired, but not single-cell battery short-circuit after continued use.

1.5 ignore the clear vent

Battery charging and discharging process will produce hydrogen and oxygen, especially in the over charging, the water is electrolysis and produce large amounts of hydrogen and oxygen. Add liquid battery lid vent hole is used to distribute these gases. Usually ignore the vent of the dredge, causing vent obstruction, battery in the chemical reaction produces heat and gases can not be distributed, the internal battery temperature and pressure will continue to rise, eventually leading to battery explosion. Therefore, attention should be paid in the routine maintenance dredging vent to prevent dirt clogging vent.ThinkPad Z61t

Battery

Battery [3] is a kind of cell, its role is to be able to store a limited power, FRU 92P1137 in appropriate places for use. How does it work is to chemical energy into electrical energy.

It is filled with spongy lead of lead as cathode, filled with lead dioxide as positive electrode of lead and 1.28% of the sulfuric acid used as electrolyte. While charging, electrical energy into chemical energy, discharge chemical energy into electrical energy again. Battery discharge, the metal lead is the cathode oxidation reaction, was oxidized to lead sulfate; dioxide lead is cathode, reduction reaction occurs, is reduced to lead sulfate. When using DC battery charging, the bipolar lead and lead dioxide were generated. After the removal of power, it recovered to pre-discharge state, the composition of chemical batteries. Lead-acid battery is able to repeatedly charge and discharge the battery, called the secondary battery. Its voltage is 2V, usually three lead-acid batteries in series up to use, voltage is 6V. Vehicle using a six lead-acid batteries in series into a 12V battery packs. Lead-acid batteries in use for some time to add distilled water to maintain electrolyte containing 22 ~ 28% of diluted sulfuric acid. 02K6651

Discharge, the electrode reaction: PbO2 + 4H + + SO42-+ 2e-= PbSO4 + 2H2O

Negative reaction: Pb + SO42-- 2e-= PbSO4

The overall reaction: PbO2 + Pb + 2H2SO4 === 2PbSO4 + 2H2O (the right response is discharge, to the left reaction is charging)

Battery Application

[1] [2] lead-acid batteries are the following types of products, its use as follows:

Start-type batteries: mainly used in automobiles, motorcycles, tractors, diesel engines and other start-up and lighting;

Fixed-type batteries: mainly for communications, power plants, computer systems as a protection, automatic backup power source;

Traction-type batteries: Mainly used for a variety of battery vehicles, forklift trucks, forklifts and other power supply;

Railway Battery: mainly used in railway locomotives, electric locomotives, passenger cars starting, lighting power;

Energy Storage Battery: mainly used for wind, 02K6928 solar and other energy consumption can be stored;

Batteries - the main ingredient

Lead-acid batteries constitute the main ingredients are as follows: anode plate (lead peroxide. PbO2 )---> active substances cathode plate (sponge-like lead. Pb) ---> active substance electrolyte (sulfuric acid) --- "Sulfuric acid ( H2SO4) + water (H2O) battery shell isolation plates other (liquid port plug. cover, etc.)02K6620

To build the world's copper king, "Lithium-Ion battery Empire"

Launched the nation's largest lithium battery electric vehicle project

Following the 2009 in Suzhou, the first one to produce its own lithium battery electric vehicles, it is now, laptop battery Henan Jinlong thrust backwards - at the end of January in the original Yang started the annual output of 2 million of the lithium battery electric vehicle project

January 21 morning, the Golden Dragon Group's Board of Directors decided to convene: Following in Suzhou lithium electric car project put into operation, in Xinxiang Yuanyang frozen to build a production base of electric cars lithium battery production line, a total investment of 150 million yuan, annual output will reach 2 million vehicles. This project will become the largest lithium battery electric vehicle project.

In accordance with the dragon of the plan, to expand the 2011 lithium battery electric vehicle production scale, but most recently, lithium battery electric vehicle market conditions are particularly good, especially in the Yangtze River Delta region, "where consumers are more receptive to new things, We produce the electric car was not enough to sell, so ahead of expansion of output. " Golden Dragon Group's subsidiary in Suzhou, Lung Yeuk engineer YIN Yong Ting said.

January 21 afternoon, the Golden Dragon Group is responsible for research and development of lithium YIN Yong-huang, with the chief engineer ThinkPad A21M Wang Shikui and drove more than 40 kilometers away from Xinxiang Jinlong Yang freezer production base in the former group, study site selection. "This infrastructure has been improved, there are workshops, as long as the installation of equipment, is expected to fall this year, the production line will be completed, we can reach an annual output of 2 million of the scale." Wangshi Kui said. "Our goal is to project fully completed by 2015 and complete the Group's strategic layout of the country, reaching an annual output of 5 million in vehicle production and operation of the size, and become the nation's largest manufacturer of electric bicycles." Li Changjie said.

Both auto makers to supply battery power

Golden Dragon Group, in addition to the hippocampus, Lifan outside the automotive battery power, and Zhengzhou Nissan, Yutong has also established a link

January 25, Golden Dragon Group's deputy general manager ThinkPad R60 of Hebei Xue-feng and his party arrived in Chongqing Lifan, Lifan met with high-level. The two sides to the Golden Dragon Group, Lifan Group, reached a preliminary intention to provide motive power batteries, although the contents are confidential, but he revealed: "has been set, and soon the signing of an agreement is concluded."

In late January, Golden Dragon has signed a cooperation agreement with the hippocampus. "In the future, the hippocampus power batteries of electric vehicles by us, this number is quite impressive." Wang Shikui this cooperation has been very satisfied, "At present, companies, and the combination of the hippocampus, but also tend to run cars for official use by test run the way problems are identified, to identify shortcomings, and then solve the problem, eventually toward industrialization. "

"For us, can provide the impetus for the hippocampus and Lifan batteries, will give us the development of a vast space." Wangshi Kui said.

Golden Dragon Group Dynamic Power Co., Ltd., Henan Li Ji Cheng, executive vice president of introduction, in addition to, and the hippocampus, Chongqing Lifan's co-operation, they and the Zhengzhou Nissan, Yutong and other enterprises have also established cooperative relations.

We also have to produce electric vehicles that a

Production of electric cars, only the initial stage of the road shock Jinlong, Li Changjie has a more ambitious goal - produce electric commercial vehicles, the current prototype has been produced by the

September 1, 2009, Golden Dragon Group and Taiwan's Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation will jointly, joint ventures,ThinkPad T60 annual production capacity of 300,000 battery-powered cars and power projects, joint working and the power battery electric vehicle research and development and production. The project covers an area of 2000 acres, settled in the National Chemical and physical Xinxiang Industrial Park, in 2010 started full production in 2012 after completion of project can realize annual sales income of 50 billion yuan.

Although Li Changjie, said an official for the electric vehicle market, but also take a few years time, but in fact, Golden Dragon Group has Taicang in Jiangsu Province to produce lithium-electric vehicles like electric cars, not only the tractor, go karting, sightseeing car , patrol cars, as well as for home residents with cars, these electric vehicles are used by Golden Dragon Group's own production of lithium batteries.

In the reporter's impression that, while many airports, railway stations are used in electric tractor. "Those tractors are used in ordinary lead-acid batteries, speed is only 20 kilometers per hour, but the battery is not durable, but also pollute the environment. We produce a variety of tractor As a result of its own lithium battery, can be up to 80 kilometers per hour above, very suitable for military, airports, train stations, the use of. People's Liberation Army General Armament Department has been kind of cars I've seen, and very interested, willing and us, them that the market is a big one. "YIN Yong Ting said.

According to reports, the current produced by the household sample,40Y6797 there are two electric vehicles: Jeep style, commercial vehicle style. "We will participate in the car this fall, Shanghai Expo, so that everyone finds fault with the matter. Now, being a production license to the state." YIN Yong-huang said, "quick, then come next year, the Pixia."

Rewarding to attract Jinlong electric shock

Always show people the face of precision Golden Dragon Copper Tube Group, opened up a new door - lithium-moving vehicles. By a lithium battery lithium battery electric vehicles to the Commercial Vehicles, Golden Dragon Group's plan for their future again and again a whole new way

Golden Dragon Group is the world's largest precise copper tube manufacturer, the product at the domestic level for more than 60% market share, accounting for one sixth of global market share. As a brass industry, boss, Jinlong Why enter the lithium industry? "Although we have brass in 2009 reached more than 100 billion yuan of output value, but the processing industry profits is relatively low. New energy is different, and 2009 profits of only lithium batteries on 7,000 million, comparable to our the number of brass-made ah! "When it comes to enter the lithium batteries, Li Changjie excited. "In the future, new energy will be our other pillar industries. 3 ~ 5 years, lithium battery electric vehicles, power batteries and electric vehicle output will reach 500 billion size of the output value will be far more than copper." "Lithium battery separator material in the past to rely on imports, and now Golden Dragon Group's independent research and development of alternative product output has accounted for a certain percentage of the domestic market share and become the company's new profit-making points." Cheng Ji, introduced in April 2008, Xinxiang special grant of 200 acres of city land, the Group's chemical and physical state in Xinxiang Industrial Park, Xinxiang built in Section Technology Co., Ltd., is committed to lithium battery, power battery, 3V lithium battery, new energy and related materials research and industrial of. 40Y6799 "We are now the largest manufacturer of lithium-powered."

As Li Changjie said, support the Golden Dragon Copper Tube Group, from the air conditioning industry, energy industry to a new large-span extension is that the Golden Dragon Group, lithium battery separator has acquired intellectual property rights, exclusive access to the technology for China's intellectual property business. Li Changjie so proud is now Golden Dragon Group's manufacturing power batteries needed to account for the domestic half of the membrane material in the lithium battery industry has a greater influence and technological development advantages.

Henan province is to build electric car

Golden Dragon Group's strength in the hair behind the electric car is the policy bias in Henan Province. Under the guidance of the policy, many manufacturers have been launched electric car project

In November 2009, our province has introduced the recent development of the electric car industry plan of action, intends to expand the Zhengzhou from the hybrid bus demonstration line in support of Xinxiang commercial demonstration operation to promote the public areas and operation of 10 demonstration areas for the development of electric vehicles. To support the electric vehicle industry, our province has allocated 5,000 million in funding, and has been in place. This year, the province also allocated funds are used for supporting the development of electric vehicles, the amount of money the current plan is 100 million yuan. In addition, the province enterprises or individuals can apply for subsidies to buy electric cars.

In terms of policy stimulus, not only the dragon, other companies have entered the electric car R & D and production.

Electric Vehicle Engineering Institute,FRU 92P1139 Henan Province, according to the information provided, Zhengzhou Yutong Bus in the vehicle and power systems technology is relatively mature, and its research and development of pure electric and hybrid buses covering 10 to 12 meters in several models.

Zhengzhou Nissan Automobile has converted a number of Paladin cars, equipped with 336V, 100AH lithium batteries, using Hangzhou universal power management system, as a national grid service vehicles. The near future intends to Rui Qi, Odin two electric vehicles into a taxi-type.

China Aviation Industry Group ZHENG Fei-electric car motors and controller now has two core technologies, currently more than 100 vehicles produced mini-cars have been carried out for many months of the road test, and got the last card Vehicle Administration Office in Zhengzhou eligibility.

Shaolin car has developed three kinds of models, the initial plan this year, output of 2000 units, and gradually developed into 5,000 units.

China First Tractor's electric vehicle program, it is in the early preparation ... ...

January 24, the provincial government take the lead in the establishment of the League of Henan electric vehicle industry. At the meeting,FRU 92P1141 Provincial Director of the Office of Industry and Information YANG Sheng Tao, Zhengzhou, Henan will rely on four major automobile companies (hippocampus, Yutong, Nissan, Shaolin) to build electric vehicle production base in the five major battery manufacturers rely Xinxiang (Golden Dragon, Universal Group, the Air lithium electricity, etc.) to build electric car battery production base. The eventual realization of "equipment, equipment, Henan, Henan" objective. After breaking through the technical bottleneck, ran on the Central Plains will be built in Henan are electric vehicles.

3G mobile phone battery market's crowded Times

With 3G networks in the accelerated process of global commercial, 02K6928 3G users also appeared to grow substantially. Technically advanced, 3G business has a unique appeal, prompting users to more and more frequently use a variety of multimedia services. Short period of 10 years, only to have a cell phone call from the set of functions to develop into a variety of functions in one portable device. In the meantime, the development of mobile phone batteries followed the evolution of technology development.

3G era, a number of mobile phone battery manufacturers (Scud, BYD, Loi Moritaka, etc.) are introduced several new mobile phone battery, greatly's crowded trend, the author sums up what the current development of mobile phone battery showed three major features: high-capacity, long standby, environmental protection and safety. 02K7054

High-capacity, long standby: with business smartphone show exponential growth, from the GPS electronic navigation and then to the MP3 music player, WIFI wireless Internet access and so on, endless variety of phone functions, mobile phone standby time applications in the protection of these features basis. A normal capacity of mobile phone battery apparently can not meet their daily use, this time high-capacity, long standby mobile phone batteries mobile phone batteries on the market will become the mainstream.

Security: The term is now more than ever a period of time have been of concern to everyone. In the experienced shoddy mobile phone battery explosion, the consumer is more rational, integrated balance of the consumer,ThinkPad A20 the price is a measure of a product is no longer the only indicator, the same major mobile phone battery manufacturers found a market sensitive to atmosphere, and launched safety explosion-proof business mobile phone batteries, and also covered by commercial insurance companies, merchants well-intentioned, but also to the user more of a security.

Green: economic and social unity, is a mature company should do. More and more enterprises in improving production efficiency while also interested in social welfare. Mobile phone battery industry is also true that many large companies are committed to R & D and production of more green cell phone batteries, reduce environmental pollution, to avoid the disposal of mobile phone ThinkPad A20M batteries free of ecological damage. This point, fortunately saw the development and progress of society as a whole.

Mobile phone battery market's crowded, will provide more varied choice. However, given the many cottage manufacturers to follow suit and profit-making, suggest that you purchase a time when mobile phone batteries to buy from the formal channels, such an optional mobile phone battery has become more safe, secure.

Batteries and Environmental Protection
Potential contamination of used batteries has caused widespread concern in the community.laptop battery China is the world's number one dry battery producing and consuming nations, our data show that China currently has more than 1,400 battery manufacturers in 1980, the production of dry batteries volume has surpassed the United States and the largest in the world first. In 1998 the production of dry batteries in China amounted to 14 billion, while the same year the world's total production of dry batteries is about 30 billion.

Such a large quantity of batteries, making a big problem exposed, that is, how to make so many batteries do not destroy the environment pollution of our survival. According to our survey, used batteries containing heavy metals as well as the waste acid, waste alkali and other electrolyte solution. If you arbitrarily discarded batteries will destroy the corruption of the water, erosion of our survival crops and land, our environment is facing a huge threat. If the one on the 1st cell in the ground and rotting, it's toxic substances make one square meter of land to lose value; throw a coin battery into the water, which contains toxic substances which killed more than 60 million liters of water body pollution , equivalent to a person's life, water; used batteries containing heavy metals cadmium, lead, mercury, nickel, zinc, manganese, etc., in which cadmium, lead, mercury is a great harm to human body substances. The nickel, zinc and other metal although to a certain range of concentration is a useful material, 08K8198 but in the environment over the limit, but will also harm the human body. Waste batteries leaking heavy metals can cause rivers, lakes, sea and other bodies of water pollution, endangering the survival of aquatic and water use, an indirect threat to human health. Waste acid, waste alkali and so on could contaminate the electrolyte solution, so that land acidification and salinization, which decker around us like a time bomb. Therefore, the collection and disposal of used batteries is very important, if disposed of improperly, may be on the ecological environment and human health, cause serious harm. Randomly discard used batteries is not only pollute the environment, is also a waste of resources. Some people forget an account to the country's annual production of 10 billion batteries, annual consumption of 156,000 tons of zinc, 226,000 tons of manganese dioxide, 2080 tons of copper, 27,000 tons of zinc chloride, 79,000 tons ammonium chloride, 4.3 million tons of carbon rod. While advanced technology has given us the right direction, but the phenomenon of pollution in China's battery is still not optimistic. Most of China's 08K8197 current domestic waste has been mixed with used batteries together into the ground, over time, after the battery into decay, heavy metal leaching, both could contaminate groundwater bodies, they could contaminate soil and finally through a variety of ways to enter human food chain. Biological uptake of heavy metals from the environment through the food chain biomagnification, grade by grade in the higher organisms tens of thousands of times more enriched in, and then enter the human body through the food chain, and in some organs savings cause chronic poisoning, Japan Minamata disease is a typical case of mercury poisoning.

Batteries are generally divided into disposable batteries and rechargeable batteries. The main disposable batteries, including zinc-manganese batteries (zinc and manganese dioxide), zinc mercury batteries (zinc and mercury oxide) and lithium batteries and other several categories. The main rechargeable batteries include cadmium - nickel, iron - nickel, zinc - silver, zinc - air and lithium - iron sulfide and lead-acid batteries and so on. Our daily life is the most frequently used zinc-manganese batteries and zinc-mercury batteries, leaving the battery pollution is mainly caused by mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd).

Mercury toxicity

Mercury, which are commonly called "mercury" is a liquid at room temperature the material, can prevent the battery in the cathode zinc oxide, this approach to improve the storage life of the battery. Thus, as early as in the previous zinc used in batteries to do extremely overcast almost all do a certain amount of mercury preservative. However, the chemical combination of mercury and mercury have the neurotoxicity of endocrine system, immune system, also have an adverse effect, it will trigger people's slurred speech, unsteady gait, limb paralysis, leading to generalized convulsions, mental disorders and died.

For a long time, China in the production of dry batteries, it is necessary to join a toxic substance - mercury or mercury compounds. China's mercury in alkaline batteries up to 1% ~ 5%, 0.025% neutral dry-cell batteries, dry batteries every year for the production of dozens of tons of mercury amounted to much. As technology advances, the 92P1075 battery began to implement a low mercury and mercury-free, mercury substitutes Forafac fluorinated polymer surfactants in preventing the corrosion of zinc has achieved good results.

Discarded mercury batteries in nature will slowly overflow from the battery into the soil or water, and then under the action of microorganisms, inorganic mercury can be transformed into methylmercury, gathered in the fish's body, the human consumption of such fish , the methylmercury enters the human brain cells, people's nervous systems were severely damaged, in serious cases would be crazy to death. Well-known Minamata disease in Japan is caused by methylmercury.

Cadmium Toxicity

Cadmium is not a trace element necessary for the human body, the body of newborn babies, and there is no cadmium, but increased with age, and gradually accumulated. Cadmium with renal toxicity, which caused kidney damage is irreversible. At the same time after renal injury may also be secondary osteoporosis, osteomalacia and fractures. In 1993, the International Union Against Cancer will be set at IA level carcinogen cadmium. For these reasons, many developed countries have recommended a ban on the use of nickel-cadmium batteries and nickel-metal hydride battery has been replaced by nickel-cadmium batteries, avoiding the use of cadmium. In China, the vast majority of battery manufacturers are still using cadmium as raw material for production of the battery, making the battery further increase the dangers. Affected by long-term consumption of cadmium contaminated water and food,ThinkPad R40 can lead to bone pain and disease, cadmium into the body, causing osteomalacia skeletal deformities, and in severe form of natural fractures, and even die.

Manganese toxicity

Excessive levels of manganese accumulation in the body can cause neurological dysfunction, an early manifestation of an integrated sexual dysfunction, the emergence of heavier speech monotonous, dull expression, emotional indifference, accompanied by psychological symptoms.

Lead toxicity

Lead a major role in the nervous system, hematopoietic system, digestive system, and liver, kidney and other organs, can inhibit the synthesis of hemoglobin metabolism, but also directly on the mature red blood cells, for infants, young children much, it will lead to children's physical development retardation, chronic lead in the prime of childhood mental retardation.

Nickel toxicity

Nickel powder dissolved in the blood, to participate in the body circulation, with strong toxicity, can damage the central nervous system, ThinkPad R32 causing abnormal blood vessels, severe cases lead to cancer.

Zinc toxicity

Zinc is an essential element of the human body, less toxic, oral zinc sulfate 1000mg only people with acute poisoning, but the inhalation of zinc oxide dust can cause poisoning. Its symptoms are generalized fatigue, muscle pain, difficulty breathing, vomiting, diarrhea, severe heart weakness, prostration, convulsions died. Zinc sulfate, zinc chloride penetrated the skin mucous membrane, it can produce dermatitis and ulcers. Of zinc to fish and aquatic toxicity of the toxic than the people, so the water quality requirements for fishing in the water content of zinc per liter should not exceed 0.1mg.

Domestic compatible laptop battery

2 years to accompany my original notebook battery, and finally generating a 5-minute time to 92P1102 submit his resignation to me the report. For the computer peripherals do not understand me, and had captured over the weekend knowledgeable brother to the digital store and bought the batteries. To go before I made up my mind to give me books with a pink sony original batteries, but a Look at the price of original let me speechless, thinking that these small Japanese really would make money, the parts also so expensive, simply say this: sinister ! !

Look at my teeth look like my brother, laughing at the same time worshiper of foreign things I purchased my 180-degree direction of the major adjustments - made compatible with laptop batteries.

Brother introduced Feihong eagle is a brand of notebook batteries, the box to do it very carefully. Casing clean, flat no indentation, open the battery box was soft sponge wrapped in neat, JANSEN, battery pack is also outside of professional static bag, battery shell smooth Seamless, feeling fine ... ... Oh, is quite formal 呀they looked very agreeable I like. Girls are like the appearance of animals, to see such shiny appearance, the hearts of the Chinese-made brand battery is compatible with the ill feelings immediately dispelled by half. laptop battery

2nd Round - cost-effective to fight

Cool, cool! ! Kind of animal in nature to see my brother, hastened to stop me to continue to drool.

Price! Yes, the price is how like? Store's answer surprised me! Would not you? Only one third of the original?

Service-na? Actually there is one and a half!

Have a product certification and the international inspection reports Mody? I took out store CE certification, the United States UL safety certification and 3C certification.

Procedures are still a full-ah, but the psychological or the right price with the original, when there are too many gaps in the offing. Friend was already blue-moon to help me buy a piece of notebook batteries. When I was about to stop the shot with a "is a mule is a horse, pull out yo." Put my words stuck in his mouth.

3rd Round - practical application, my battery will not explode?

I can not wait to bring home a new battery according to the notebook, but fortunately, Fei-Ying laptop battery in terms of workmanship,92P1077 or both, and in terms of the degree of matching the original battery did not make any difference.

"I can go home it?" "No, resolutely not work! Case if the explosion of how to do? You have to stay with my charge and discharge time I can let you go!!" Laoge reaching helpless surrender.

End of electrical impulse, I picked up a stopwatch exaggerated start to discharge time. Feng watching the latest movies, shows battery capacity is 29%.

"Yes, right?, What say? This time relieved it, worshiper of foreign things little girl!" Laoge proud smile at me.

"But have not previously heard of this brand that way?" 92P1073

4th Round - in-depth exploration in preparation for defections Laoge

I have been a great importance to the brand, so a search online a bit so that my brother proud of this brand. Feihong Eagle brand original laptop batteries behind an area of about 2,500 square meters, existing staff of more than 200 people, and have a professional, high quality, efficient R & D team, R & D department staff about the management of one-third of the total number of standardized production base. Prior to overseas markets such as Europe and the United States is committed to developing and highly praised.

Hey ~ ~, finished finished, defections Laoge the complete failure of the plan! ! 08K8199

Principles of the battery

In the chemical cell, chemical energy directly into electricity through the battery is carried 92P1101 out within the spontaneous oxidation, reduction and other chemical reactions the result of the reaction were carried out in two electrodes. Negative active material from the more negative potential and a stable reducing agent in the electrolyte composition, such as zinc, cadmium, lead active metals and hydrogen or hydrocarbons. Positive active material from a more positive potential in the electrolyte composition of a stable oxidizing agent, such as manganese dioxide, lead dioxide, nickel oxide and other metal oxides, oxygen or air, halogens and their salts, oxygen-containing acid and its salts, etc. . Electrolyte is a good ionic conductivity of the material, such as acids, alkali, salt solution, organic or inorganic non-aqueous solutions, molten salts or solid electrolytes. When the external circuit disconnected, although there potential difference between the two poles (open circuit voltage), but there is no current, stored in the batteries do not convert 92P1089 chemical energy into electrical energy. When the external circuit is closed, the two electrodes under the effect of potential difference that there is current flowing through the external circuit. The same time, the battery inside the electrolyte does not exist due to free electrons, charge transfer must be accompanied by two poles active material and electrolyte interface, the oxidation or reduction reactions, as well as reactants and reaction products of mass transfer. Charge transfer in the electrolyte but also by the migration of ions to complete.92P1087 Thus, within the normal battery charge transfer and mass transfer process is to ensure that the necessary conditions for the normal output of electricity. When charging, the battery inside the transmission power and the direction of mass transfer and discharge exactly the opposite; electrode reaction must be reversible, in order to ensure the opposite direction of mass transfer and mass of the normal electrical processes. Therefore, the electrode reaction reversible constitutes a necessary condition for batteries. Reaction for the Gibbs free energy (coke); F is Faraday's constant = 96500 base = 26.8 ampere-hour; n the equivalent number for the cell reaction. This is the reaction of the battery and battery electromotive force between the basic thermodynamic relations, but also calculation of cell energy conversion efficiency of the basic thermodynamic equation. In fact, when the current flows through the electrodes, the electrode potential must 08K8194 deviate from the thermodynamic equilibrium of the electrode potential, a phenomenon known as polarization. Current density (unit electrode area adopted by the current), the greater the polarization more serious. Polarization phenomenon is caused by the battery energy loss of the important reasons. Polarization for three reasons: ① from the cells caused by the various parts of the polarization resistance is called Ohm polarization; ② from the electrode - electrolyte interface layer caused by charge transfer blocked the process of polarization is called activation polarization; ③ from the electrode - electrolyte interface layer caused by slow mass transfer of polarization is called concentration polarization. Reduce the polarization method is to increase the electrode reaction area,08K8196 reducing the current density, increasing reaction temperature and to improve the catalytic activity of the electrode surface.